Oxidation is a chemical reaction that involves the transfer of electrons, usually to oxygen. It’s a process that typically occurs at the surface of materials when they are exposed to an oxygen-containing environment, such as air.

In a vacuum environment, the absence of air (and thus oxygen) means that oxidation reactions would not occur in the usual way because there is no oxygen to react with the material. However, if you are referring to cleaning off existing oxidation (for example, rust on metal), a vacuum furnace could potentially be used to remove that oxidation under certain conditions.

A vacuum furnace can heat materials to high temperatures in the absence of air, which can prevent further oxidation and can be used to clean surfaces through processes like annealing or sintering. This can cause the existing oxides to either decompose or change their state, effectively “cleaning” the material. But whether oxidation can be cleaned off in a vacuum furnace depends on the material and the type of oxide formed.

For some materials, especially metals like titanium and some of its alloys, vacuum furnaces are used to remove oxygen, nitrogen, and other gases from the surface, which can improve their properties. For other materials, a reduction process might be necessary to remove oxygen atoms from the oxide. This typically requires a reducing agent or an environment with hydrogen or another reducing gas inside the furnace to convert oxides back into their metallic state.

Therefore, while a vacuum itself does not “clean off” oxidation, a vacuum furnace could be part of a process to remove oxidation from a material, depending on the specific circumstances and the desired outcome.