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Bake-out is a process which is meant to remove contaminants from components so that high vacuum can be achieved in treatment, and to prevent impurities. To remove these unwanted compounds, engineers perform bake-outs at various high temperatures (these can range from 120 degrees Celsius up to 400 degrees Celsius).
The volatile compounds (such as vapor from components, or external particulate matter from humans or the environment) are driven off of the component during the period of heating. The volatile particles are then removed by the vacuum pump.
References:
Vacuum Bake Out: Its Importance and Implementation
courtesy of Vacuum Science World
https://www.vacuumscienceworld.com/blog/vacuum-bake-out